Shin kun san nau'ikan titin jagora nawa ne a cibiyoyin injinan CNC?

"Cikakken Bayanin Nau'in Dogo na Jagora don Cibiyoyin Injin CNC"

1. Rail Jagoran Motsi na Layi
   Titin dogo na motsi na linzamin kwamfuta shine mafi yawan nau'in layin dogo na jagora a cibiyoyin injina. Yana jagorantar sassa masu motsi don motsawa daidai a cikin layi madaidaiciya. Hanyoyin jagorar motsi na layi suna da fa'idodin tsari mai sauƙi, ƙirar ƙira, da sauƙin garanti na daidaito. A kan kowane kusurwoyi na cibiyar injina, kamar X-axis, Y-axis, da Z-axis, galibi ana amfani da layin jagorar motsi na layi.
   Daidaituwa da aikin ginshiƙan jagorar motsi na linzamin kwamfuta sun dogara da kayan aiki, tsarin masana'antu, da daidaiton shigarwa na hanyoyin jagora. Babban ingantattun hanyoyin jagorar motsi na linzamin kwamfuta na iya tabbatar da daidaiton daidaito da amincin cibiyar injina ƙarƙashin motsi mai sauri da yanayin nauyi mai nauyi.
2. Rail Jagoran Motsi da'ira
   Ana amfani da titin jagorar motsi na madauwari galibi don jujjuyawar wuraren injina ko abubuwan da ke buƙatar motsi madauwari. Zane da kera na'urorin jagorar motsi na madauwari suna da ɗan rikitarwa, kuma abubuwa kamar ƙarfin centrifugal da gogayya suna buƙatar la'akari da su saboda keɓancewar motsin madauwari.
   Dogon jagorar motsi na madauwari yawanci suna amfani da madaidaicin ƙwallo ko ɗigon abin nadi don tabbatar da santsi da daidaiton motsin juyawa. A wasu madaidaitan cibiyoyin injuna, ana kuma amfani da hanyoyin jagorar motsi na hydrostatic don ƙara inganta daidaito da kwanciyar hankali na jujjuyawar igiya.

1. Babban Jagoran Motsi Rail
   Babban titin jagorar motsi shine layin jagorar da ke da alhakin gane babban motsi na kayan aiki ko kayan aiki a cibiyar injina. Daidaituwa da aikin babban layin jagorar motsi suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan daidaiton injina da ingancin cibiyar injina.
   A cikin cibiyoyi na injina, ana amfani da manyan tituna na jagorar birgima ko manyan titunan jagororin ruwa don babban titin jagorar motsi. Wadannan dogo na jagora suna da halaye irin su babban saurin gudu, daidaito mai tsayi, da tsayin daka, kuma suna iya biyan buƙatun cibiyoyin mashin ɗin a ƙarƙashin babban saurin yankewa da yanayin injin kaya masu nauyi.
2. Rail Jagoran Motsi
   Titin jagoran motsin ciyarwa shine layin jagorar da ke da alhakin gane motsin ciyarwar kayan aiki ko kayan aiki a cibiyar injina. Daidaituwa da kwanciyar hankali na dogo jagoran motsi na ciyarwa kai tsaye yana shafar daidaiton injina da ingancin saman cibiyar injina.
   Railyoyin motsi na ciyarwa yawanci suna amfani da ginshiƙan jagorar zamewa, titunan jagorar birgima, ko hanyoyin jagorar ruwa. Daga cikin su, ginshiƙan jagorar mirgina da raƙuman jagorar hydrostatic suna da daidaito mafi girma da kwanciyar hankali kuma sun dace da manyan cibiyoyin injina; yayin da ginshiƙan jagorar zamewa suna da fa'idodin tsari mai sauƙi da ƙarancin farashi kuma sun dace da wasu matsakaici da ƙananan mashin mashin ɗin.
3. Daidaita Jagoran Rail
   Dogon jagorar daidaitawa shine dogo jagora da ake amfani da shi a cibiyar injin don daidaita matsayin kayan aiki ko kayan aiki. Daidaitacce da sassauci na dogo jagorar daidaitawa suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan daidaiton mashin ɗin da kuma dacewa da aiki na cibiyar injin.
   Hanyar gyaran gyare-gyare yawanci suna amfani da ginshiƙan jagorar zamewa ko birgima. Waɗannan hanyoyin dogo na jagora suna da ƙaramin juzu'i mai girma da daidaito kuma suna iya samun sauƙin daidaita daidaitaccen kayan aiki ko kayan aiki.

1. Rail Jagoran Zamiya
   (1) Rail Jagoran Zamiya na Gargajiya
   Ƙarfe na simintin ƙarfe na al'ada da simintin gyare-gyaren ƙarfe na jagororin ginshiƙan ƙarfe suna da fa'idodi na tsari mai sauƙi, masana'anta mai sauƙi, ingantaccen ƙarfi, da juriya mai girma. Koyaya, irin wannan layin dogo na jagora yana da lahani na babban juzu'in juzu'i mai ƙarfi da juzu'i mai ƙarfi wanda ke canzawa tare da sauri, yana haifar da babban asarar gogayya. A ƙananan gudu (1-60 mm/min), abubuwan mamaki masu rarrafe suna da yuwuwar faruwa, don haka rage daidaiton matsayi na sassan motsi. Sabili da haka, ban da kayan aikin injin CNC na tattalin arziki, ba a daina amfani da titin jagororin zamiya na gargajiya akan sauran kayan aikin injin CNC.
   (2) Rail Jagoran Zamiya Mai Rumbun Filastik
   A halin yanzu, yawancin kayan aikin injin CNC suna amfani da ginshiƙan jagorar filastik, wato, bel mai laushi na fim ɗin filastik wanda aka haɗa da filastik da sauran kayan sinadarai ana liƙa akan farfajiyar layin jagorar motsi. Robobin dogo na jagora ana rarraba su zuwa nau'i biyu: Teflon jagorar dogo mai laushi bel da epoxy wear-resistant jagorar dogo shafi.
   Dogon jagorar zamewar filastik suna da halaye masu zuwa:
   • Kyakkyawan halayen juzu'i: Fim ɗin filastik mai laushi mai laushi na dogo mai jagorar filastik yana da ƙarancin juzu'i, wanda zai iya rage juriya na sassa masu motsi da haɓaka sassaucin motsi.
   • Kyakkyawan juriya mai kyau: Fim ɗin filastik mai laushi mai laushi yana da juriya mai kyau kuma yana iya tsawaita rayuwar sabis na dogo mai jagora.
   • Motsi mai tsayayye: Matsakaicin juzu'i na layin dogo mai lullube da filastik yana da karko kuma baya canzawa da sauri. Saboda haka, motsi yana da ƙarfi kuma abubuwan ban mamaki ba su da sauƙin faruwa.
   • Kyakkyawan damping vibration: Fim ɗin filastik mai laushi mai laushi yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun motsi kuma yana iya ɗaukar motsi na sassa masu motsi da inganta daidaiton machining cibiyar mashin.
   • Kyakkyawan ƙirƙira: Tsarin masana'anta na ginshiƙan jagorar filastik yana da sauƙin sauƙi, tare da ƙarancin farashi da sauƙin shigarwa da kulawa.
2. Hanyar Hanyar Rail
   (1) Ƙa'idar Aiki
   Hanyar birgima tana sanya abubuwa masu mirgina kamar ƙwallaye, rollers, da allura a tsakanin saman dogo na jagora don juya juzu'in zamiya tsakanin saman dogo mai jagora zuwa jujjuyawa. Wannan hanyar juzu'i tana rage juriya sosai kuma tana haɓaka azanci da daidaiton motsi.
   (2) Fa'idodi
   • Babban hankali: Bambanci tsakanin madaidaicin juzu'in juzu'i da madaidaicin juzu'in juzu'i na mirgina dogo masu jagora kaɗan ne, don haka motsi ya tsaya tsayin daka kuma al'amuran rarrafe ba su da sauƙin faruwa yayin motsi cikin ƙananan gudu.
   • Madaidaicin matsayi mai girma: Madaidaicin matsayi na maimaitawa na mirgina dogo na jagora na iya kaiwa 0.2 um, wanda zai iya biyan buƙatun manyan cibiyoyin injina.
   • Karamin juriyar juriya: Madaidaicin jujjuyawar abubuwa masu birgima ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da madaidaicin juriya mai zamiya, yana sa motsin sassan motsi ya yi sauƙi da rage yawan ƙarfin tuƙi.
   • Ƙananan lalacewa, ingantaccen daidaito mai kyau, da tsawon rayuwar sabis: Yankin tuntuɓar tsakanin abubuwan birgima da filayen dogo na jagora ƙarami ne, tare da ƙaramin lalacewa kuma yana iya kiyaye babban daidaito na dogon lokaci.
     (3) Nasara
     Railyoyin jagorar jujjuyawar suna da ƙarancin juriya da ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun kariya. A lokacin aikin injin, rawar jiki zai shafi daidaiton motsi na abubuwan da ke jujjuyawa, ta yadda za a rage daidaiton mashin ɗin cibiyar injin. Bugu da ƙari, ginshiƙan jagorar mirgina suna buƙatar matakan kariya masu kyau don hana ƙura, guntu da sauran ƙazanta daga shiga saman dogo na jagora da lalata abubuwan birgima da hanyoyin jagora.
     (4) Lokutan aikace-aikace
     Railyoyin jagorar birgima sun dace musamman ga lokatai inda sassan aiki na kayan aikin injin ke buƙatar motsi iri ɗaya, motsi mai mahimmanci, da daidaitaccen matsayi. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ana amfani da raƙuman jagorar birgima a cikin kayan aikin injin CNC.
3. Hanyar Hanyar Hydrostatic Rail
   (1) Liquid Hydrostatic Guide Rail
   • Ƙa'idar Aiki
     Akwai ɗakin mai tsakanin hanyoyin dogo na jagora guda biyu masu aiki na ruwa mai jagorar jirgin ruwa. Bayan gabatar da lubricating man fetur tare da wani matsa lamba, za a iya kafa wani hydrostatic mai fim, yin aiki surface dogo na jagora a cikin tsantsa ruwa gogayya ba tare da lalacewa da kuma da kyau daidaito riƙewa.
   • Amfani
     • Babban daidaito: Liquid hydrostatic dogo na jagora na iya samar da daidaito mai tsayi sosai kuma tabbatar da daidaiton daidaiton cibiyar injin ƙarƙashin motsi mai sauri da yanayin nauyi mai nauyi.
     • Ƙananan juzu'i: Tsaftataccen gogayya na ruwa yana sa juzu'in juzu'i ya yi ƙasa sosai, yana rage yawan ƙarfin tuƙi.
     • Babu rarrafe a cikin ƙananan gudu: Ko da ƙananan gudu, raƙuman jagorar ruwa na ruwa ba sa nuna abubuwan ban mamaki, yana tabbatar da santsin motsi.
     • Babban ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi da haɓaka mai kyau: Fim ɗin mai na hydrostatic zai iya tsayayya da babban nauyi, haɓaka ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi da tsattsauran mashin cibiyar.
     • Man fetur yana da tasiri mai tasiri na girgizawa da kuma juriya mai kyau: Man zai iya shawo kan rawar jiki kuma ya rage tasirin rawar jiki yayin yin aiki akan daidaiton machining.
   • Rashin amfani
     Tsarin hanyoyin jiragen ruwa na hydrostatic na ruwa yana da wuyar gaske, yana buƙatar tsarin samar da mai, kuma ana buƙatar tsabtace mai ya zama babba. Wannan yana ƙara farashin masana'anta da kulawa.
   • Rabewa
     Liquid hydrostatic dogo na jagora don cibiyoyin injina za a iya raba su zuwa manyan nau'i biyu: nau'in buɗaɗɗe da nau'in rufaffiyar. Gidan mai na buɗaɗɗen ruwa na jagorar jagorar ruwa yana da alaƙa kai tsaye zuwa duniyar waje, tare da tsari mai sauƙi amma yana da haɗari ga gurɓataccen waje; an rufe ɗakin mai na rufaffiyar jirgin ruwa mai jagorar ruwa, kuma ana sake sarrafa mai don amfani, tare da tsafta mai yawa amma tsari mai rikitarwa.
     (2) Gas Hydrostatic Guide Rail
   • Ƙa'idar Aiki
     Bayan gabatar da iskar gas tare da wani matsa lamba tsakanin hanyoyin dogo na jagora guda biyu masu aiki na tashar jirgin ruwa ta iska, za a iya samar da fim ɗin iska na iska, wanda ke yin shimfidar layin dogo guda biyu na injin bugun CNC a ko'ina don samun madaidaicin motsi.
   • Amfani
     • Karamin juzu'i: Matsakaicin juzu'i na iskar gas yana da ƙanƙanta sosai, yana sa motsin sassan motsi ya yi sauƙi.
     • Ba shi da sauƙi don haifar da dumama da nakasawa: Saboda ƙananan ƙima, ƙarancin zafi yana haifar da zafi kuma ba shi da sauƙi don haifar da dumama da nakasar layin jagora.
   • Rashin amfani
     • Ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi: Ƙarfin ɗorawa na iskar gas hydrostatic rails yana da ƙananan ƙananan kuma ana amfani dashi sau da yawa tare da ƙananan kaya.
     • Sauye-sauyen yanayin iska yana shafar daidaito: Sauye-sauye a cikin iska zai haifar da canje-canje a cikin fim din iska, ta haka yana rinjayar daidaiton layin jagora.
     • Dole ne a lura da rigakafin ƙura: Kurar da ke faɗowa cikin filin jirgin saman jagorar iska zai haifar da lahani ga saman layin dogo, don haka dole ne a ɗauki matakan rigakafin ƙura masu inganci.