Shin kun san yadda ake zabar madaidaicin daidaitattun cibiyoyin injina?

Madaidaicin buƙatun don mahimman sassa na cibiyoyin injuna na yau da kullun suna ƙayyade daidaiton matakin zaɓin kayan aikin injin CNC. Ana iya raba kayan aikin injin CNC zuwa sauƙi, cikakken aiki, daidaitaccen madaidaici, da sauransu bisa ga amfani da su, kuma daidaiton da za su iya cimma shima ya bambanta. A halin yanzu ana amfani da nau'in mai sauƙi a cikin wasu injinan lathes da injin niƙa, tare da ƙaramin ƙudurin motsi na 0.01mm, kuma duka daidaiton motsi da daidaiton injin suna sama (0.03-0.05) mm. Ana amfani da nau'in madaidaicin matsananci don aiki na musamman, tare da daidaiton ƙasa da 0.001mm. Wannan ya tattauna akan kayan aikin injin CNC da aka fi amfani da su sosai (mafi yawan cibiyoyi).
Ana iya raba cibiyoyin injuna a tsaye zuwa na yau da kullun da daidaitattun nau'ikan bisa daidaito. Gabaɗaya, kayan aikin injin CNC suna da daidaitattun abubuwan dubawa na 20-30, amma abubuwan da suka fi dacewa sune: daidaiton axis guda ɗaya, daidaiton axis guda ɗaya mai maimaita daidaitaccen matsayi, da zagaye na guntuwar gwajin da aka samar da gatari biyu ko fiye da aka haɗa.
Matsakaicin daidaitawa da maimaita daidaiton matsayi gabaɗaya suna nuna cikakkiyar daidaiton kowane ɓangaren motsi na axis. Musamman ma dangane da maimaita daidaiton matsayi, yana nuna daidaiton matsayi na axis a kowane wuri a cikin bugun jini, wanda shine ma'auni na asali don auna ko axis zai iya aiki a tsaye da kuma dogara. A halin yanzu, software a cikin tsarin CNC yana da ayyuka masu ɗimbin kurakurai masu ɗorewa, wanda zai iya ƙwaƙƙwaran rama kurakuran tsarin a kowace hanyar haɗin sarkar watsa abinci. Misali, abubuwa kamar sharewa, nakasawa na roba, da taurin lamba a kowane hanyar haɗin yanar gizo na watsawa sau da yawa suna nuna motsi daban-daban na take nan take tare da girman nauyin kayan aiki, tsayin nisan motsi, da saurin matsawa motsi. A cikin wasu buɗaɗɗen madauki da tsarin servo ɗin abinci mai rufaffiyar madauki, abubuwan tuki na injina bayan auna abubuwan abubuwan suna da alaƙa da abubuwan haɗari daban-daban kuma suna da manyan kurakurai na bazuwar, kamar ainihin madaidaicin matsayi na ma'aunin aikin da ya haifar da haɓakar thermal elongation na ball dunƙule. A takaice, idan zaku iya zaɓar, to zaɓi na'urar tare da mafi kyawun maimaita matsayi!
A tsaye machining cibiyar daidaici a milling cylindrical saman ko milling sarari karkace tsagi (threads) ne m kimantawa na CNC axis (biyu ko uku axis) servo bin motsi halaye da CNC tsarin interpolation aiki na inji kayan aiki. Hanyar shari'a ita ce auna zagaye na saman silinda da aka sarrafa. A cikin kayan aikin na'ura na CNC, akwai kuma hanyar injin niƙa madaidaiciyar murabba'i huɗu don yankan guntuwar gwaji, wanda kuma zai iya tantance daidaiton gatari biyu masu sarrafawa a cikin motsi na tsaka-tsaki na madaidaiciya. Lokacin yin wannan yanke gwaji, ana shigar da injin ƙarshen da aka yi amfani da shi don yin ingantattun mashin ɗin akan sandar kayan aikin injin, kuma ana niƙa samfurin madauwari da aka sanya akan benci na aiki. Don kayan aikin injin kanana da matsakaita, ana ɗaukar samfurin madauwari gabaɗaya a Ф200~ Ф 300, sa'an nan kuma sanya samfurin da aka yanke akan na'urar gwajin zagaye da auna zagayen saman da aka yi masa. Siffar girgizar da ke fitowa fili na mai yankan niƙa akan saman silinda na nuna rashin kwanciyar hankali da sauri na kayan aikin injin; Niƙa mai zagaye yana da babban kuskuren elliptical, yana nuna rashin daidaituwa a cikin ribar tsarin axis guda biyu masu sarrafawa don motsi na interpolation; Lokacin da akwai alamun tasha akan kowane madaidaicin motsi na motsi mai sarrafawa akan madauwari madauwari (a cikin ci gaba da yankan motsi, dakatar da motsin ciyarwa a wani matsayi zai samar da ƙaramin yanki na alamomin yankan ƙarfe akan farfajiyar mashin ɗin), yana nuna cewa ba a daidaita matakin gaba da baya na axis ba daidai ba.
Daidaitaccen matsayi na axis guda ɗaya yana nufin kewayon kuskure lokacin sanyawa a kowane matsayi a cikin bugun jini, wanda zai iya yin nuni kai tsaye daidaitaccen ƙarfin injin na'urar, yana mai da shi mafi mahimmancin alamar fasaha na kayan aikin injin CNC. A halin yanzu, ƙasashe a duniya suna da ƙa'idodi daban-daban, ma'anoni, hanyoyin aunawa, da sarrafa bayanai don wannan alamar. A cikin gabatarwar nau'ikan samfuran samfuran injin CNC daban-daban, ƙa'idodin da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da Standardan Amurka (NAS) da ƙa'idodin da aka ba da shawarar Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Injin Amurka, Matsayin Jamusanci (VDI), Matsayin Jafananci (JIS), International Organisation for Standardization (ISO), da Ma'auni na Ƙasar Sinanci (GB). Ma'auni mafi ƙasƙanci tsakanin waɗannan ma'auni shine ma'auni na Jafananci, kamar yadda hanyar aunarsa ta dogara ne akan saiti ɗaya na bayanan barga, sa'an nan kuma an matsa darajar kuskure da rabi tare da ƙimar ±. Don haka, daidaiton matsayi da aka auna ta hanyar aunarsa sau da yawa ya fi sau biyu wanda aka auna ta wasu ma'auni.
Kodayake akwai bambance-bambance a cikin sarrafa bayanai tsakanin sauran ma'auni, duk suna nuna buƙatar yin nazari da auna daidaiton matsayi bisa ga ƙididdigar kuskure. Wato, don kuskuren matsayi a cikin bugun jini mai sarrafawa na kayan aikin injin CNC (cibiyar machining na tsaye), ya kamata ya nuna kuskuren wannan batu da aka samo dubban sau a cikin dogon lokaci na amfani da kayan aikin na'ura a nan gaba. Koyaya, zamu iya auna ƙayyadaddun adadin lokuta (yawanci sau 5-7) yayin aunawa.
Daidaiton cibiyoyin injuna na tsaye yana da wuyar tantancewa, wasu kuma suna buƙatar mashin ɗin kafin yanke hukunci, don haka wannan matakin yana da wahala sosai.